Basic characteristics, process and precautions of mold processing
Die processing refers to the processing of forming and blanking tools, including die-cutting dies and shearing dies. Usually the mold consists of an upper mold and a lower mold, the material is formed under the action of the press, and the steel plate is placed between the upper mold and the lower mold. When the press is opened, the workpiece determined by the shape of the die is obtained or the corresponding scrap is removed. Workpieces as large as car dashboards and as small as electronic connectors can be molded with molds. A progressive die refers to a set of molds that can automatically move the processed workpiece from one station to another, and obtain molded parts at the latter station. Die processing technology includes: four-slide die, extrusion die, compound die, blanking die, progressive die, stamping die, die-cutting die, etc.
Basic characteristics of mold processing: 1. High processing precision. A pair of molds usually consists of a female mold, a male mold and a mold frame, some of which can be multi-piece split modules. Therefore, the combination of upper and lower molds, the combination of inserts and cavities, and the combination of modules all require high machining accuracy. 2. The shape and surface are complex. Some products, such as automotive panels, aircraft parts, toys and household appliances, have a molding surface composed of various curved surfaces, so the surface of the mold cavity is very complex. Some surfaces are processed through mathematical calculations. 3. Small batches. Mold production is not mass production, and often only one pair is produced in many cases. 4. There are many processes. Milling, boring, drilling, reaming and tapping are always used for die machining. 5. Repeat production. The mold has a long service life. When the service life of a pair of molds exceeds its lifespan, new molds need to be replaced, so the production of molds is often repeated. 6. Copy processing. Mold production sometimes has neither drawings nor data, and the reproduction and processing must be carried out according to the actual object. This requires high imitation accuracy and no deformation.
Mould processing and processing flow: 1. Bottom surface processing, processing capacity guarantee; 2. Billet datum alignment, check 2D allowance and 3D contour; 3. Rough machining of 2D and 3D contour, non-installation and non-working plane processing; 4. Before semi-finishing, align the side reference surface to ensure accuracy; 5. Semi-finishing 3D contour and 2D, semi-finishing various guide surfaces and guide holes, finishing various installation surfaces, and leaving allowance for finishing process Reference hole and height reference plane, record data; 6. Check and review the machining accuracy; 7. Fitter inlay process; align the reference plane of the process reference hole before finishing, check the allowance of the insert; 8. Finishing contour 2D and 3D, punching contour and hole position, finishing guide surface and guide hole, finishing process datum hole and height datum; 9. Check and recheck machining accuracy.
Matters needing attention: 1. The process is concise and detailed, and the processing content should be represented by numbers as much as possible; 2. Special emphasis should be placed on the key points and difficulties of processing; 3. It is necessary to combine the processed parts to express the process clearly; 4. When the insert needs to be processed separately When machining, pay attention to the technical requirements of machining accuracy; 5. After combined machining, inserts that need to be processed separately should be installed with the benchmark requirements for independent machining during combined machining; 6. Springs are easily damaged during mold machining, so choose a longer fatigue life Long die springs.
